On a bustling college campus in the early 20th century, a small group of African American students gathered secretly, driven by a shared vision of unity, scholarship, and community service. These students faced immense challenges, including racial discrimination and social isolation. Yet, from these humble beginnings, they founded the first of what would become the “Divine 9 list“—nine historically Black Greek-letter organizations that have since played a pivotal role in shaping the lives and futures of countless individuals. Today, the Divine Nine is a testament to resilience, leadership, and a commitment to social justice, with members who have become leaders in every imaginable field.
The Formation and Purpose of the Divine 9
The Divine Nine consists of five fraternities and four sororities, each with a distinct history and mission. These organizations were founded between 1906 and 1963 when African Americans were largely excluded from mainstream Greek life. Their primary objectives include promoting academic excellence, providing community service, and fostering a sense of brotherhood and sisterhood among members.
- Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. (Founded 1906)
- Purpose: The first intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity established for African American men, Alpha Phi Alpha, was founded at Cornell University. Its mission includes advocating for the educational and economic progress of African Americans.
- Notable Members: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Thurgood Marshall, and W.E.B. Du Bois.
- Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. (Founded 1908)
- Purpose: As the first Greek-letter sorority established by African American women, Alpha Kappa Alpha, founded at Howard University, emphasizes scholarship, leadership, and community service.
- Notable Members: Maya Angelou, Coretta Scott King, and Kamala Harris.
- Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. (Founded 1911)
- Purpose: Founded at Indiana University, Kappa Alpha Psi promotes achievement in every field of human endeavor, mainly focusing on leadership development.
- Notable Members: Johnnie Cochran, Cedric the Entertainer, and Tavis Smiley.
- Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc. (Founded 1911)
- Purpose: Omega Psi Phi, established at Howard University, emphasizes the principles of manhood, scholarship, perseverance, and uplift.
- Notable Members: Michael Jordan, Bill Cosby, and Steve Harvey.
- Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. (Founded 1913)
- Purpose: Delta Sigma Theta, founded at Howard University, is committed to public service, particularly in African American communities, focusing on educational and social programs.
- Notable Members: Shirley Chisholm, Aretha Franklin, and Loretta Lynch.
- Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. (Founded 1914)
- Purpose: Phi Beta Sigma, founded at Howard University, seeks to exemplify the ideals of brotherhood, scholarship, and service.
- Notable Members: George Washington Carver, Al Roker, and Huey P. Newton.
- Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. (Founded 1920)
- Purpose: Zeta Phi Beta, also established at Howard University, focuses on the principles of scholarship, service, sisterly love, and finer womanhood.
- Notable Members: Zora Neale Hurston, Esther Rolle, and Sheryl Underwood.
- Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. (Founded 1922)
- Purpose: Sigma Gamma Rho, founded at Butler University, prioritizes public service, leadership development, and youth education.
- Notable Members: Hattie McDaniel, Vanessa Bell Calloway, and Kelly Price.
- Iota Phi Theta Fraternity, Inc. (Founded 1963)
- Purpose: The youngest of the Divine 9, Iota Phi Theta, founded at Morgan State University, focuses on leadership, citizenship, and brotherhood.
- Notable Members: Terrence C. Carson, Congressman Bobby Rush, and Spencer Christian.
Cultural and Social Impact
The DivineNinee organizations have a profound cultural and social impact within the African American community and across the broader society. These organizations have been instrumental in the civil rights movement, educational reform, and social justice initiatives.
- Educational Initiatives: Many DivineNinee organizations offer scholarships, mentorship programs, and educational workshops to support young people, particularly African Americans, achieve their academic goals. According to the National Pan-Hellenic Council, these organizations collectively award millions of dollars in scholarships annually.
- Community Service: The Divine 9’s commitment to community service is evident in its numerous projects, such as voter registration drives, health awareness campaigns, and social justice advocacy. For example, Delta Sigma Theta’s “Five-Point Programmatic Thrust” includes initiatives focused on economic development, educational development, international awareness, physical and mental health, and political awareness and involvement.
- Civic Engagement: Members of the Divine Nine have played significant roles in politics, law, business, and entertainment. They are often seen as leaders and influencers who advocate for change and equity. The Divine 9’s influence extends beyond the U.S., with chapters worldwide promoting their values and mission.
Statistics and Membership
According to the National Pan-Hellenic Council, the Divine Nine organizations collectively have over 2 million members worldwide. These members are often community leaders who contribute to various professional fields and social causes.
- Membership Growth: Over the past decade, there has been a steady increase in membership, particularly among millennials and Generation Z, who are drawn to the Divine 9’s emphasis on social justice and community engagement.
- Alumni Engagement: The Divine 9 has robust alum networks that support lifelong engagement in fraternity and sorority activities. These networks are crucial for professional development, networking, and maintaining the organizations’ philanthropic missions.
Challenges and Future Directions
Despite their significant achievements, the Divine Nine organizations face challenges, including maintaining relevance among younger generations and addressing internal and external issues related to hazing and financial transparency. However, these organizations continue to evolve, focusing on inclusivity, innovation, and adapting to the changing social landscape.
- Relevance and Adaptation: The Divine Nine has increasingly leveraged social media and digital platforms to engage younger audiences, promote their missions, and showcase their community work. This digital presence helps to keep the organizations relevant in a rapidly changing world.
- Addressing Hazing: The Divine Nine has implemented strict anti-hazing policies and educational programs to combat this issue, ensuring the safety and well-being of its members.
Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of the Divine 9
The Divine 9 remains a cornerstone of African American culture and community life. These organizations’ commitment to leadership, scholarship, service, and social justice continues to inspire new generations. As they look to the future, the Divine Nine will play a vital role in shaping societal change and empowering individuals to lead with purpose and integrity.
